FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMANDS

 

I.                  INFORMAL COMMANDS (Tú)

 

AFFIRMATIVE TÚ COMMANDS have the same form as the third-person singular present indicative.

          Ejemplos:       Visita a tu abuela.

                      Espera un momento.

                      Lee tu libro.

 

The following verbs have IRREGULAR AFFIRMATIVE TÚ COMMANDS. Their negative commands are regular. 

decir: di

mantener: mantén

ser: 

hacer: haz

poner: pon

tener: ten

ir: ve

salir: sal

venir: ven

 

 NEGATIVE TÚ COMMANDS have the same form as the present subjunctive. 

              Ejemplos:       No hagas ruido.

                                      No digas mentiras.

                                       No llores.

   

II.               FORMAL COMMANDS (usted, ustedes)

 

USTED AND USTEDES AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE COMMANDS have the same forms as the present subjunctive.

                  Ejemplos:    Espere unos minutos.

                                       No tengan miedo 

                                       Firme el contrato.

                                        Lean las instrucciones.

                                        No pierda el tiempo.

                        

III.           PLACEMENT OF PRONOUNS IN FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMANDS

 

IN AFFIRMATIVE COMMANDS, reflexive and object pronouns are attached to the end of the verb.

      Ejemplos:        Compra las manzanas.

                    Cómpralas.

                   Apaga el motor.

                   Apágalo

                   Compra un regalo  a tu hermano

                    (Un regalo :Direct Object , a tu  hermano:   Indirect Object)

                                        Cómpraselo. (se: Indirect Object, lo:indirect object)

 

 IN NEGATIVE COMMANDS reflexive and object pronouns precede the verb.  

        Ejemplos:            No use el ascensor.

                                    No lo use.

                                    No compres las manzanas.

                                    No las compres.

                                    No lean el libro.

                                    No lo lean